Configuring Media Realms

The Media Realms table lets you configure a pool of up to 12 SIP media interfaces, termed Media Realms. Media Realms lets you divide a Media-type interface into several media realms, where each realm is specified by a UDP port range. Media Realms also define the maximum number of permitted media sessions. Media Realms are assigned (bind) to an alias name representing a VRF or an IP address source network interface.

Once configured, to apply Media Realms to specific calls, you need to assign them to any of the following configuration entities:

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IP Groups (see Configuring IP Groups)

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SIP Interfaces (see Configuring SIP Interfaces)

You can also apply the device's Quality of Experience feature to Media Realms:

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Quality of Experience Profile: Call quality monitoring based on thresholds for voice metrics (e.g., MOS) can be applied per Media Realm. For example, if MOS is considered poor, calls on this Media Realm can be rejected. To configure Quality of Experience Profiles, see Configuring Quality of Experience Profiles.

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Bandwidth Profile: Bandwidth utilization thresholds can be applied per Media Realm. For example, if bandwidth thresholds are crossed, the device can reject any new new calls on this Media Realm. To configure Bandwidth Profiles, see Configuring Bandwidth Profiles.

The Media Realms table provides the following "child" tables:

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Remote Media Subnets: Defines remote destination subnets per Media Realm and assigns each subnet a Quality of Experience Profile and Bandwidth Profile. For more information, see Configuring Remote Media Subnets.

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Media Realm Extensions: Defines port ranges for multiple Media-type interfaces per Media Realm. For more information, see Configuring Media Realm Extensions.

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The Media Realm assigned to an IP Group overrides any other Media Realm assigned to any other configuration entity associated with the call.

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If you modify a Media Realm that is currently being used by a call, the device does not perform Quality of Experience for the call.

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If you delete a Media Realm that is currently being used by a call, the device maintains the call until the call parties end the call.

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The device provides a default Media Realm ("DefaultRealm"), which you can modify or delete.

The following procedure describes how to configure Media Realms through the Web interface. You can also configure it through ini file [CpMediaRealm] or CLI (configure voip > realm).

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To configure a Media Realm:

Open the Media Realms table (Setup menu > Signaling & Media tab > Core Entities folder > Media Realms).

Click New; the following dialog box appears:

Configure the Media Realm according to the parameters described in the table below.

Click Apply.

Media Realms table Parameter Descriptions

Parameter

Description

General

'Index'

[CpMediaRealm_Index]

Defines an index number for the new table row.

Note: Each row must be configured with a unique index.

'Name'

name

[CpMediaRealm_MediaRealmName]

Defines a descriptive name, which is used when associating the row in other tables.

The valid value is a string of up to 39 characters.

Note:

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The parameter is mandatory.

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Each row must be configured with a unique name.

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The parameter value cannot contain a forward slash (/).

'Topology Location'

topology-location

[CpMediaRealm_TopologyLocation]

Defines the display location of the Media Realm in the Topology view.

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[0] Down = (Default) The Media Realm element is displayed on the lower border of the view.

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[1] Up = The Media Realm element is displayed on the upper border of the view.

For more information on the Topology view, see Building and Viewing SIP Entities in Topology View.

'IPv4 Interface Name'

ipv4

[CpMediaRealm_IPv4IF]

Assigns an alias name representing a VRF or an IP address of the IPv4 source network interface that is used to bind to the Media Realm.

By default, no value is defined.

To configure aliases, refer to the section on the alias command in the CLI Reference Guide.

'IPv6 Interface Name'

ipv6if

[CpMediaRealm_IPv6IF]

Assigns an alias name representing a VRF or an IP address of the IPv6 source network interface that is used to bind to the Media Realm.

By default, no value is defined.

'UDP Port Range Start'

port-range-start

[CpMediaRealm_PortRangeStart]

Defines the starting port for the range of media interface UDP ports.

By default, no value is defined.

Note:

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You must configure all your Media Realms with port ranges or all without; not some with and some without.

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The available UDP port range is according to the [BaseUDPport] parameter. For more information, see Configuring RTP Base UDP Port.

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The port number must be different from ports configured for SIP traffic (i.e., ports configured for SIP Interfaces) that use the same IP Interface. For example, if the RTP port range is 6000 to 6999, the SIP port can be less than 6000 or greater than 6999.

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Media Realms must not have overlapping port ranges.

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Media Realms and Media Realm Extensions associated with the same IP Interface must not have overlapping port ranges.

'Number of Media' Session Legs

session-leg

[CpMediaRealm_MediaSessionLeg]

Defines the number of media sessions for the configured port range.

By default, no value is defined.

'UDP Port Range End'

port-range-end

[CpMediaRealm_PortRangeEnd]

(Read-only field) Displays the ending port for the range of media interface UDP ports. The device automatically populates the parameter with a value, calculated by the summation of the 'UDP Port Range Start' parameter and 'Number of Media Session Legs' parameter (multiplied by the port chunk size) minus 1:

start port + (sessions * port spacing) - 1

For example, a port starting at 6,000, 5 sessions and 10 port spacing:

6,000 + (5 * 10) - 1 = 6,000 + (50) - 1 = 6,000 + 49 = 6,049

The device allocates the UDP ports for RTP, RTCP and T.38 traffic per leg in "jumps" (spacing) of 10. For example, if the port range starts at 6000 and the UDP port spacing is 10, the available ports include 6000, 6010, 6020, 6030, and so on (depending on number of media sessions).

For RTCP and T.38 traffic, the port offset from the RTP port used for the voice session is one and two, respectively. For example, if the voice session uses RTP port 6000, the RTCP port and T.38 port for the session is 6001 and 6002, respectively. However, you can configure the device to use the same port for RTP and T.38 packets, by configuring the [T38UseRTPPort] parameter to [1].

For more information on local UDP port range, see Configuring RTP Base UDP Port.

'TCP Port Range Start'

tcp-port-range-start

[CpMediaRealm_TCPPortRangeStart]

Defines the starting port of the range of TCP ports for MSRP traffic. The device allocates the ports consecutively to traffic. For example, if the port range starts at 5000 and ends at 5100, the device first allocates port 5000, then 5001, then 5002, and so on.

The valid value is 4000 to 32768. The default is 0.

For MSRP, the port number is used in the SDP's 'a=path' line. For more information on MSRP, see Configuring Message Session Relay Protocol.

Note:

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Make sure that you also configure the ending port (see the 'TCP Port Range End' parameter, below).

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Media Realms associated with the same IP Interface must not have overlapping port ranges.

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MSRP ports do not support Media Realm Extensions.

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The parameter is applicable only to the SBC application.

'TCP Port Range End'

tcp-port-range-end

[CpMediaRealm_TCPPortRangeEnd]

Defines the ending port of the range of TCP ports for MSRP traffic. The device allocates the ports consecutively to traffic. For example, if the port range starts at 5000 and ends at 5100, the device first allocates port 5000, then 5001, then 5002, and so on.

The valid value is 4000 to 32768. The default is 0.

For MSRP, the port number is used in the SDP's 'a=path' line. For more information on MSRP, see Configuring Message Session Relay Protocol.

Note:

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Make sure that you also configure the starting port (see the 'TCP Port Range Start' parameter, above).

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Media Realms associated with the same IP Interface must not have overlapping ports.

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The port range cannot overlap with TCP ports configured for SIP traffic (i.e., SIP Interfaces) that use the same IP Interface. For example, if the TCP port range is 6000 to 6999, the SIP Interface's TCP port must be less than 6000 or greater than 6999.

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MSRP ports do not support Media Realm Extensions.

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The parameter is applicable only to the SBC application.

'Default Media Realm'

is-default

[CpMediaRealm_IsDefault]

Defines the Media Realm as the default Media Realm. The default Media Realm is used for SIP Interfaces and IP Groups for which you have not assigned a Media Realm.

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[0] No (default)

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[1] Yes

Note:

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You can configure the parameter to Yes for only one Media Realm; all the other Media Realms must be configured to No.

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If you do not configure the parameter (i.e., the parameter is No for all Media Realms), the device uses the first Media Realm in the table as the default.

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If the table is not configured, the default Media Realm includes all configured media interfaces.

'Used By Routing Server'

used-by-routing-server

[CpMediaRealm_UsedByRoutingServer]

Enables the Media Realm to be used by a third-party routing server or ARM for call routing decisions.

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[0] Not Used (default)

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[1] Used

For more information on the third-party routing server or ARM feature, see Centralized Third-Party Routing Server.

Quality of Experience

'QoE Profile'

qoe-profile

[CpMediaRealm_QoeProfile]

Assigns a QoE Profile to the Media Realm.

By default, no value is defined.

To configure QoE Profiles, see Configuring Quality of Experience Profiles.

'BW Profile'

bw-profile

[CpMediaRealm_BWProfile]

Assigns a Bandwidth Profile to the Media Realm.

By default, no value is defined.

To configure Bandwidth Profiles, see Configuring Bandwidth Profiles.